2 Samuel 2:23

Authorized King James Version

Howbeit he refused to turn aside: wherefore Abner with the hinder end of the spear smote him under the fifth rib, that the spear came out behind him; and he fell down there, and died in the same place: and it came to pass, that as many as came to the place where Asahel fell down and died stood still.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְמָאֵ֣ן
Howbeit he refused
to refuse
#2
לָס֗וּר
to turn aside
to turn off (literally or figuratively)
#3
וַיַּכֵּ֣הוּ
smote
to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)
#4
אַבְנֵר֩
H74
wherefore Abner
abner, an israelite
#5
מֵאַֽחֲרָ֔יו
behind
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
#6
הַֽחֲנִית֙
of the spear
a lance (for thrusting, like pitching a tent)
#7
אֶל
him under
near, with or among; often in general, to
#8
הַחֹ֗מֶשׁ
the fifth
the abdomen (as obese)
#9
וַתֵּצֵ֤א
came out
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#10
הַֽחֲנִית֙
of the spear
a lance (for thrusting, like pitching a tent)
#11
מֵאַֽחֲרָ֔יו
behind
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
#12
נָ֨פַל
fell down
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
#13
שָׁ֖ם
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
#14
וַיָּמֹ֖ת
and died
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
#15
תַּחְתָּ֑ו
in the same place
the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc
#16
וַיְהִ֡י
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#17
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#18
הַבָּ֣א
and it came to pass that as many as came
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#19
אֶל
him under
near, with or among; often in general, to
#20
הַמָּקוֹם֩
to the place
properly, a standing, i.e., a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)
#21
אֲשֶׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#22
נָ֨פַל
fell down
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
#23
שָׁ֧ם
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
#24
עֲשָׂהאֵ֛ל
where Asahel
asahel, the name of four israelites
#25
וַיָּמֹ֖ת
and died
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
#26
וַֽיַּעֲמֹֽדוּ׃
stood still
to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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